Glass is a common item in daily life, most frequently seen in windows and doors. With technological advancements, the variety of glass has grown increasingly diverse. Understanding different types of glass is essential. Glass lid manufacturers introduce 24 common types of glass encountered in everyday life.

Glass cookware is one of the most common items in modern kitchens. When selecting glass pots, people often consider factors like their material properties—such as the maximum temperature they can withstand—and what to do if food burns to the bottom.
Crafted from quartz glass, these pots boast an extremely low thermal expansion coefficient and exceptional heat resistance. Combined with quartz glass's stable chemical properties, low electrical conductivity, and optimal ultraviolet light transmission, pots made from this material are highly versatile for frying, deep-frying, stir-frying, and stewing.
The primary material for glass pot lids is tempered glass. Due to variations in manufacturer materials and craftsmanship, the maximum temperature tolerance differs. Generally, they won't shatter within a temperature range of 250°C to 320°C. Temperatures above 320°C may pose a risk of breakage.
II. Removing Burnt Residue from Glass Pots
1. Glass pots themselves do not burn; it is the burnt food that adheres to the surface. Therefore, soak thoroughly before washing—ideally for several hours before cleaning.
2. Use a scouring pad or kitchen cloth to clean the glass pot.
3. For stubborn burnt marks that won't brush off, sprinkle baking soda or soak in warm water mixed with white vinegar for a while before scrubbing clean.
4. For severely burnt interiors, pour in white vinegar water or baking soda water and bring to a boil. Turn off the heat and let it cool until it's safe to touch, then scrub while still warm.
5. Alternatively, extend the soaking time (e.g., one to two days) before using a stronger cleaning powder.
As seen, glass cookware is relatively safe and can withstand high temperatures. It typically won't shatter within the 250°C to 320°C range, though risks increase above 320°C. It's advisable to choose reputable brands and avoid uncertified products.

Those who frequently follow the glass industry may have heard references to the relevant specifications for tempered glass. Although we often encounter tempered glass, many people lack in-depth knowledge of the glass industry, leading to various questions surrounding it. Today, we've compiled some information to help clarify these points.
China has established the following specifications for the production process of safety glass:
1. The production and use of safety glass must strictly comply with the provisions of the "Construction Law of the People's Republic of China" and the "Product Quality Law of the People's Republic of China."
2. Rigorous standards have been established for evaluating safety glass.
3. National quality inspection departments and other relevant authorities must oversee and manage the production and distribution of safety glass throughout the entire process.
4. Manufacturers should exercise self-discipline and strictly adhere to industry regulations.
5. All safety glass products leaving the factory must meet national standard requirements.
6. Imported safety glass products must undergo stringent inspection; any products failing to meet quality standards are prohibited from importation.
VII. Certain structures must use safety glass, including:
- Windows in buildings seven stories or taller;
- Ceilings for all types of canopies and skylights;
- Interior partitions;
- Floor panels designed to bear heavy loads;
- Guardrails for observation elevators;
- Viewing windows in aquariums;
- Entrances and exits of public buildings such as banks and police stations.
II. Types of Tempered Glass
Tempering levels are classified into three types:
1. Tempered Glass: Tempering degree = 2–4 N/cm; surface stress α ≥ 95 MPa for curtain wall tempered glass;
2. Semi-Tempered Glass: Tempering degree = 2 N/cm; surface stress 24 MPa ≤ α ≤ 69 MPa for curtain wall semi-tempered glass;
3. Ultra-Toughened Glass: Tempering degree > 4 N/cm.
Tempered glass is produced as single panes but can be further processed into laminated glass, insulated glass, and other multi-layer composite glass types. Compared to composite glass, single-pane tempered glass refers to the direct use of a single tempered glass pane.
Tempered glass is classified as safety glass. It is essentially a pre-stressed glass. To enhance its strength, chemical or physical methods are typically used to create compressive stress on the glass surface. When subjected to external forces, this surface stress is first neutralized, thereby increasing load-bearing capacity and improving the glass's resistance to wind pressure, thermal cycling, and impact.
Glass is an amorphous inorganic non-metallic material. It is generally manufactured using various inorganic minerals (such as quartz sand, borax, boric acid, barite, barium carbonate, limestone, feldspar, soda ash, etc.) as primary raw materials, supplemented by small quantities of auxiliary ingredients. Its main components are silicon dioxide and other oxides. The chemical composition of ordinary glass includes Na₂SiO₃, CaSiO₃, SiO₂, or Na₂O·CaO·6SiO₂, primarily consisting of silicate double salts. It is an amorphous solid with an irregular structure. Widely used in buildings for wind protection and light transmission, it is classified as a mixture. Other types include colored glass, which gains its hue through the incorporation of metal oxides or salts, and tempered glass, produced through physical or chemical processes. Sometimes, certain transparent plastics (such as polymethyl methacrylate) are also referred to as organic glass.

Tempered glass undergoes high-temperature processing and can withstand temperatures up to approximately 230°C. However, the temperature of a freshly boiled clay pot is too high to be placed directly on tempered glass.
Due to the presence of minute nickel sulfide inclusions within the glass, some of these inclusions undergo crystalline changes over time following heat treatment. This expansion can cause micro-cracks within the glass, potentially leading to spontaneous shattering of the tempered glass. Additionally, tempered glass inherently possesses internal stresses during production. Improper installation or usage that causes surface stresses to exceed certain thresholds can also trigger breakage.

How to Properly Maintain Stainless Steel Pots
1. Oil Application: For new pots with high-elasticity gaskets, thoroughly clean the lid, body, and handles before use. Wipe the rim of the pot opening with cooking oil to ensure smooth lid closure.
2. Food Placement: When adding ingredients, ensure food and liquid combined do not exceed four-fifths of the pot's capacity. Water or broth must be at least 400 milliliters (approximately two bowls). Closing the Lid: Before closing, check that the vent pipe is clear, the anti-clogging cover is clean, the safety valve is intact, and the float moves freely up and down, resting in the lowered position. Place the lid flat on the pot body to secure it, then rotate the lid clockwise until the upper and lower handles align completely. This positions the pot for operation, with the float valve fully exposed.
2. Heating: After closing the lid, heat over high flame. When a small amount of steam begins to slowly escape from the vent pipe, attach the pressure relief valve to the vent pipe. The float valve will rise until the vent pipe emits a hissing sound. Then, reduce the heat slightly and maintain venting until cooking is complete.
3. Cooling and Pressure Release: After cooking, allow the pot to cool naturally at room temperature. For immediate use, employ forced cooling (by pouring water over or immersing in water) to reduce pressure. Once cooled, gently lift the pressure relief valve to release any remaining gas.
When cleaning the pot lid, ensure both the top and bottom surfaces are thoroughly cleaned. First, prepare flour and salt. Since flour absorbs grease, generously sprinkle it over heavily greasy areas of the lid. Then, sprinkle the prepared salt over the lid.
Next, use a cloth or sponge to scrub the lid thoroughly, working back and forth over the flour and salt mixture. After scrubbing, rinse the lid clean with water. You'll find it looking as good as new.
Most modern cookware, including pots and pans, is made of stainless steel. When new, it has a clear, shiny finish. However, after prolonged exposure to smoke and heat, the bottom and sides turn black and unsightly. Some people go to great lengths to remove this, like repeatedly scrubbing with steel wool pads. This is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and often ineffective, leaving numerous scratches on the surface.

Glass is an ancient building material dating back to the era of ancient Egypt. As human society has evolved, the glass industry has developed various specialized types with unique functions, leading to an increasing variety of glass products. Examples include bulletproof glass, photovoltaic glass, and vacuum glass, each playing an irreplaceable role in their respective fields. Glass cover manufacturers will now explain the differences between ordinary glass and tempered glass.
Tempered glass is classified as safety glass due to its characteristic breakage pattern. When shattered, it fragments into uniformly small particles without the sharp, knife-like edges typical of standard glass. This property makes it widely used in automobiles and interior decoration.
In home settings, the sharp, knife-like edges of broken ordinary glass can easily cut children or anyone who collides with it, causing personal injury. Whether glass shatters into small particles or sharp shards is the primary distinguishing feature between tempered and ordinary glass. However, conducting such destructive testing in engineering inspections is impractical.
So, how can you determine if the glass you purchase is truly tempered?
This requires analyzing the manufacturing principle of tempered glass. It is produced by first cutting annealed glass to the desired dimensions, then heating it to near its softening point, followed by rapid, uniform cooling. This process creates uniform compressive stress on the surface and tensile stress internally, significantly enhancing the glass's properties. Its tensile strength exceeds that of annealed glass by more than three times, and its impact resistance is over five times greater.
This characteristic makes stress patterns a crucial indicator for authenticating tempered glass. Specifically, when viewed through a polarizing filter, colored stripes appear along the edges of tempered glass. Observing the surface reveals alternating black and white spots. Polarizing filters can be found in camera lenses or eyeglasses. Adjust the light source during observation for clearer results.

In daily life, we cannot do without containers for holding items. Many households have glassware, and even the packaging for everyday condiments like oil, salt, soy sauce, and vinegar often comes in glass bottles. Beer bottles, liquor bottles, glass drinking glasses, glass tableware, and more are also commonly made of glass. So how should we choose glass tableware? Experts recommend selecting heat-resistant options.
Glassware boasts numerous advantages. Its crystal clarity makes cleaning effortless, while its robust structure and strong corrosion resistance are notable benefits. With advancements in glass manufacturing techniques and production processes, the variety and applications of glass have expanded significantly, spanning increasingly diverse fields. Some glass products can even serve as cooking utensils, such as glass soup pots, oven-safe dishes, and specialized glass cookware for ovens and grills. Additionally, we use glass bowls, plates, tea cups, and more.
Advantages of Glass Tableware
What are the benefits of glass tableware? First, its appearance is exceptionally beautiful. For instance, glass plates come in jade-white varieties, crystal-clear transparent options, vibrantly painted designs, and even gold-rimmed finishes. Glass tableware is also sustainable and eco-friendly. Why? Because glass products can be recycled. When household glass bowls or utensils are no longer needed, don't discard them carelessly—recycle them instead. Recycled glass can be remelted and reshaped into other glass products. Additionally, broken or old glass can be processed into building materials like bricks or insulation products such as glass wool, offering economic benefits. Additionally, glassware is considered safe for use. Glass is widely recognized as a safe, odorless, and non-toxic material for food packaging.
Beware of Glassware Explosions
Many consumers misunderstand the difference between tempered glass and regular glass. Some mistakenly believe tempered glass can withstand high-risk environments—like microwaves or ovens—which is extremely dangerous and could cause explosions and injuries. However, current market labeling for glass products is often inaccurate. Some sellers deliberately confuse concepts, labeling ordinary glass as tempered glass or exaggerating tempered glass's capabilities to mislead consumers—claiming the product is microwave-safe. This is a major cause of glassware shattering. When selecting tableware, do not be misled by merchants. Currently, there are no so-called heat-resistant tempered glass products in China.

Every homemaker knows the frustration of greasy pot lids—scrubbing until your hands turn white, yet the lids still aren't clean. Glass lids are especially tricky, with their narrow stainless steel edges that trap grime like a magnet. Today, I'll share a simple trick to make your pot lids shine like new. Let's dive in: